The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.